The Bicentenary of Spain's First Constitution

In 2012 Cádiz is celebrating the Bicentenary of Spain’s First Constitution. This Constitution was signed  in Cádiz on March 19th, 1812 and is also known as "La Pepa" because it was adopted on Saint Joseph’s Day.
"La Pepa" established principles such as national sovereignty, the separation of powers and freedom of the press for the first time.
That is why the year of 2012 is a very special year for the city of Cádiz and the whole of Spain.

EL BICENTENARIO DE LA BATALLA DE LA BARROSA, 5 DE MARZO 1811

Este fin de semana celebramos el bicentenario de la Batalla de la Barrosa, también conocida como la Batalla de Chiclana o la batalla del Cerro del Puerco. El teniente coronel John Scrope Colquitt de la Primera de Infantería resultó gravemente herido en esta batalla

This weekend we celebrate the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Barrosa, also known as the Battle of Chiclana or the Battle of Pig Hill. Lieutenant Colonel John Scrope Colquitt of the First Foot Guards was badly injured in this battle.

Monumento conmemorativo en la Barrosa

Memorial in Barrosa

En enero de 1810 Joseph Bonaparte y el Mariscal Soult avanzaron hacia el sur y capturaron la ciudad de Sevilla, la ciudad donde las Cortes Españolas intentaban dirigir la guerra contra los franceses. Con la caída de Sevilla los franceses creían que ya habían conquistado toda España. Sin embargo, retrasaron el asalto al importante puerto de Cádiz lo cual le permitió al Duque de Albuquerque entrar en la ciudad, destruir el puente y resistir la invasión francesa. Joseph volvió a Madrid y dejó al Mariscal Victor sitiando la ciudad de Cádiz. Victor le pidió a Napoleón que enviase la flota francesa para tomar la ciudad, pero Napoleón ignoró su petición.

In January 1810 Joseph Bonaparte and Marshall Soult marched south and captured the city of Seville, the city were the Spanish Junta was trying to wage the war against the French. With the fall of Seville the French believed they had now conquered all Spain.  However, they delayed their assault of the important port of Cadiz which allowed the Duke of Albuquerque to enter the city, destroy the bridge and resist the French invasion. Joseph returned to Madrid and left Marshall Victor besieging the city of Cadiz. Victor asked Napoleon to send the French fleet to capture the city of Cadiz but Napoleon ignored his request. 

El sueño de Napoleón era unir todos los pueblos europeos y convertir a París en la capital del mundo. El primer obstáculo para Napoleón fue la Gran Bretaña “una nación de comerciantes, dispuestos a incendiar el continente para proteger su comercio” pero su  segundo obstáculo iba a ser la Península Ibérica que más tarde el mismo llamó “ la úlcera española”, la cual ayudó a sembrar las semillas de su futura derrota.

Napoleon’s dream was to make all the people of Europe one people and to make Paris the capital of the world. Napoleon’s first obstacle was Great Britain “ a nation of traders, willing to set the whole continent in flames to protect their commerce,” but his second obstacle was to be the Iberian Peninsula which he would later call  the “Spanish Ulcer” and which helped sow the seeds of his future defeat.

El Mariscal Victor

Marshall Victor

La Junta pidió a Gran Bretaña que enviase tropas a Cádiz, aunque la gente de la ciudad no se fiaban de ellas y creían que habían dejado entrar al enemigo. Reforzaron la guarnición de Cádiz con  3000 tropas británicas, incluyendo la Primera de Infantería, bajo el mando del  General Thomas Graham. El General Graham tenía buenas razones para  odiar a los franceses y su revolución. En 1792  viajaba a Egipto con su esposa enferma cuando murió cerca de la costa de Francia. Cuando desembarcaron en Francia, unos soldados franceses abusaron del cadáver de su esposa cerca de Toulouse.

The Junta invited Great Britain to station troops in Cadiz, although the local people distrusted them and felt that they were letting the enemy in. The garrison in Cadiz was reinforced with 3000 British troops, including the First Guards, under the command of General Thomas Graham. General Graham had good reason to hate the French and their revolution. In 1792 he was travelling to Egypt with his sick wife when she died off the coast of France. When they landed in France, his wife’s body was molested by French soldiers near Toulouse.

Después de cuatro semanas en mares revueltas, desembarcaron en Cádiz en marzo de 1810. John Scrope Colquitt probablemente pasó los siguientes años aquí en la Isla de León. Los británicos fueron horrorizados por las condiciones que encontraron en la ciudad. Wellington avisó a Graham que los españoles no se enfrentaban con un problema hasta que no se convirtiese en una crisis. Wellington escribió que “esta disposición fatal de sus mentes es la cause de todas sus desgracias”. Antes de finales de 1810, Graham había convertido Cádiz en una ciudad bien fortificada

After four weeks on rough seas, the British troops landed in Cadiz in March 1810. John Scrope Colquitt probably spent the next few years here in the Isle of Leon. The British were appalled by the conditions they found in the city. Wellington warned Graham that the Spanish would not deal with a problem until it became a crisis. “This fatal disposition of their minds is the cause of all their misfortunes”, wrote Wellington. By the end of 1810, Graham had converted Cadiz into a well fortified city.

A principios de 1811, Victor llevó una gran parte de su ejército a Badajoz para reforzar la posición francesa contra Wellington. Los espías aliados también había informado que los franceses estaban construyendo barcas para preparar un ataque contra Cádiz. Wellington le dio su bendición a Graham para aprovechar esta oportunidad para atacar a los franceses por tierra. Ocho mil tropas españolas bajo el General Manuel de la Peña y cinco mil tropas aliadas navegaron a Tarifa. Sin embargo, tuvieron que desembarcar en Algeciras debido al estado del mar y las lluvias torrenciales. Las tropas aliadas tenían frío y estaban empapadas pero el 28 de febrero de 1811 emprendieron camino hacia Chiclana. Las relaciones entre de la Peña y Graham eran muy tensas. Los guías españoles dieron las direcciones equivocadas y las tropas se equivocaron de camino y tuvieron que cruzar unos arroyos desbordados. Las tropas aliadas cruzaron los arroyos con el agua hasta la cintura pero los españoles se pararon para quitarse los zapatos y los calcetines y tuvieron que llevar a los oficiales en brazos. La Peña insistió en que había que hacer las marchas de noche así que apenas tuvieron tiempo para cocinar alguna comida. El martes 5 de marzo de 1811, las tropas amanecieron agotadas en la playa de la Barrosa.

Early in 1811, Victor took a large part of his army to Badajoz to reinforce the French position against Wellington. Allied spies had also reported that the French were building boats to prepare an attack on Cadiz. Wellington gave Graham his blessing to take this opportunity to attack the French on land. Eight thousand Spanish troops under General Manuel de la Peña and five thousand Allied troops sailed to Tarifa. However, rough seas and torrential rain forced them to land in Algeciras. The British forces were cold and drenched but on February 28^th 1811 they set out for Chiclana. Relations between La Peña and Graham were very strained. The Spanish guides gave the wrong directions and the troops took the wrong route and had to cross flooded streams. The British troops crossed the stream with water waist deep but the Spaniards stopped to take off their shoes and socks and had to carry their officers across. La Peña insisted that the troops march at night so they hardly had time for a cooked meal. On Tuesday 5^th March 1811 the troops arrived exhausted at the beach of Barrosa.

Torre del Puerco, la Barrosa

Pig Tower, la Barrosa

La batalla de la Torre del Puerco de José Luis Díaz de la Torre

The Battle of  the Pig Tower by José Luis Díaz de la Torre

La batalla de la Barrosa

The Battle of Barrosa

Llegó el General La Peña y tomó control.  Decidió encontrarse con las tropas españolas procedentes de Cádiz quienes estaban esperando en San Petri. Los franceses avanzaron hacia el sur con la intención de interceptar las fuerzas de La Peña. La intención de Graham era mantener su posición en el Cerro de la Barrosa a unas tres millas del río San Petri pero La Peña le ordenó a seguir y a dejar a Brown con algunas compañías (incluyendo la Primera de Infantería) con la promesa de mandar 5 compañías españolas. Pronto Brown se vio amenazado por dos divisiones francesas. Abandonó la colina y mandó un mensaje a Graham. Graham dio la vuelta con su ejército británico-portugués y ordenó a Brown recuperar el Cerro de la Barrosa. Había 2600 aliados  contra 4000 franceses. El segundo batallón de la Primera de Infantería (incluyendo la compañía de John Scrope Colquitt) bajo el mando del Coronel Sebright atacó la división de Laval a la izquierda de Brown. Empezaron la larga subida por el cerro, refugiándose detrás de  cada roca, arbusto y árbol. La Tercera de Infantería bajo el mando del Coronel  Onslow se unió a ellos. Los batallones aliados esperaron hasta que los franceses estuvieron a unos 50 metros antes de disparar y diezmaron las columnas francesas. Ya había llegado Graham y estaba  al frente del ataque de la infantería.  Cuando un disparo alcanzó al caballo de Graham, él siguió a pie. El golpe final fue una carga por parte del escuadrón de los Hussars. La batalla duró una hora y media. La Peña y las tropas española se mantuvieron al margen pero si la caballería española hubiera participado, las pérdidas francesas hubieran sido desastrosas. Las tropas de Graham volvieron a Cádiz y no hubo intento de romper el sitio francés de la ciudad de Cádiz. Los franceses perdieron 3500 soldados contra los 1200 de las fuerzas aliadas. La Primera de Infantería tuvo 216 bajas. Los oficiales muertos eran los alféreces Commerell y Eyre y los oficiales gravemente heridos eran los tenientes coroneles Setbright, Colquitt y Stables. El segundo batallón de la Primera de Infantería volvió a la Isla de León en Cádiz bajo el mando del Coronel Wheatley  pero sus pérdidas eran tan grandes que fue enviado a casa y reemplazado por el tercer batallón de la Primera de Infantería bajo el Coronel Cooke. El 11 de mayo de 1811, la Primera de Infantería con su uniforme de gala, que se llevaba solo en ocasiones reales o para bailes,  participó en un gran desfile en Whitehall en Londres para celebrar la victoria de la Barrosa.

General de la Peña arrived and took charge. He decided to meet up with the Spanish forces from Cadiz who were waiting in San Petri. The French advanced south with the intention of intercepting La Peña’s forces. Graham’s intention was to maintain his position on the Barrosa hill about three miles from the river San Petri but La Peña ordered him to continue and to leave Brown with some companies (including the First Foot Guards) and promised to send five Spanish companies. Soon Brown was threatened by two French divisions. He abandoned the hill and sent a message to Graham. Graham and his Anglo-Portuguese troops turned round and he ordered Brown to recover the Barrosa hill. There were 2600 allied troops against 4000 French. The 2^nd Battalion of the First Foot Guards (including John Scrope Colquitt’s company) under Colonel Sebright attacked Laval’s division to the left of Brown. They began the long climb up the ridge taking shelter behind every rock, bush and tree. They were joined by the Third Foot Guards under Colonel Onslow. The allied battalions waited until the French were within 50 metres before firing and decimating the French columns. By this time, Graham was leading the attack of the Foot Guards. When Graham’s horse was shot from under him, he continued on foot. The final thrust was an attack by the Hussars squadron. The battle lasted an hour and a half. La Peña and the Spanish troops kept out of the battle but if the Spanish cavalry had taken part, the French losses would have been disastrous. Graham’s troops returned to Cadiz and there was no attempt to break the siege of the city. The French lost 3500 soldiers against the 1200 of the allied forces. The First Foot Guards suffered 216 casualties. The dead officers were Ensigns Commerell and Eyre and the wounded officers were Lieutenant Colonels Setbright, Colquitt and Stables. The 2^nd battalion of the First Foot Guards returned to the Isle of León in Cadiz under the command of Colonel Wheatley but their losses were so great that they were sent home and replaced by the 3^rd Battalion of the First Foot Guards under Colonel Cooke. On May 11^th 1811, the Foot Guards in full dress, worn only for royal occasions or balls, took part in a grand parade held in Whitehall in London to celebrate the victory at Barrosa.

La toma del águila francesa en la batalla de la Barrosa

The taking of the French Eagle at the Battle of Barrosa

Los colores de la Primera de Infantería

Colours of First Foot Guards

Medalla conmemorativa de la batalla de la Barrosa

Medal commemorating the Battle of Barrosa

Catherine Baland, vivandière en el regimiento 95 en la batalla de la Barrosa. Curiosamente las mujeres ayudaban a los franceses en las batallas, normalmente como enfermeras.

Catherine Baland, vivandlère in 95th Regiment at the battle of Barrosa. Curiously women helped the French in battle, usually acting as nurses.

THE ENGLISH CROSS 2012

My name is Andrew F. Martin and I run an English Language School in Alcalá de Guadaíra near Seville in the south of Spain. When I first arrived here about twenty-five years ago, I was intrigued to find that a part of the town was called “La Cruz del Inglés” (The English Cross), so I asked some of the locals where this name had originated from. To my great surprise, nobody could answer my question. Some told me that it was named after an English doctor who had lived in the town and others said that it was because the crossroads resembled an English cross. So in the end I was none the wiser.

In February 2010, I received an invitation to a meeting organized by a group of local historians whose aim was to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the English Cross and to recover a part of the history of Alcalá de Guadaíra which had been lost in time. I finally learnt the true story. John Scrope Colquitt was lieutenant colonel in the First Foot Guards. He took part in the liberation of Seville on August 27th 1812 and his regiment moved to Alcalá at the beginning of September 1812. He fell gravely ill and died a few days later and was buried on September 5th 1812 at the place which is now known as La Cruz del Inglés. I decided to investigate this character and soon came up with some rather curious information. John Scrope Colquitt was born in Liverpool in 1775, just down the coast from my home town, Blackpool. His mother was called Martin which just happens to be my surname. So perhaps we’re even distant relations. Who knows?

The Colquitt family were a well known Liverpudlian family. John Scrope’s grandfather, Scrope Colquitt, was the city bailiff and there is still a street in the city, Colquitt Street, which bears his name. His father, John Colquitt, was a barrister and customs collector. His grandfather Samuel Martin, from Whitehaven, had tobacco plantations in Virginia which were confiscated from him during the American War of Independence. John Scrope had a brother and a sister. His brother Samuel Martin Colquitt was an Admiral in the Royal Navy . He was involved in a duel in 1804 together with Captain William Sparling over a question of honour in which a ship builder from Liverpool, Mr Edward Grayson was killed. They were tried at Lancaster High Court and found innocent. His sister Bridget married a Liverpool businessman John Parke, whose brother, Lord Wensleydale, became a famous nineteenth century jurist.

John Scrope Colquitt studied at Macclesfield and Rugby boarding schools and then went to university at Trinity College Cambridge.

Trinity College Cambridge

We know that he had a large collection of books and had his own bookplate which is now kept at the British Museum in London.

  

J.S.Colquitt’s bookplate

John Scrope Colquitt was also a painter and one of his paintings can be found at St James’s Palace in London. 

However, he decided to give up his university studies and join the army in 1794. The French Revolution had begun in 1789 and the English gentry feared that the seed of revolution would spread across Europe. We must recall that John Scrope Colquitt’s grandfather, Samuel Martin, had lost his two plantations in Virginia and the ten ships he possessed during the American War of Independence. So John Scrope Colquitt joined the Foot Guards, considered the élite of the British Army. The Foot Guards were nicknamed “the gentlemen’s sons” as most officials came from aristocratic or land-owning backgrounds.

The First Foot Guard’s in Battle

The First Foot Guards were the Royal Household troops and would be present at many State occasions such as Nelson’s funeral in 1805, the Trooping of the Colour and they would perform guard duties at St James’s Palace and at Windsor. In order to join the Foot Guards an official would have firstly to buy his colours. He would then need to buy three uniforms: full dress, undress and service dress. Full dress was for royal occasions and balls, undress for everyday use and service dress for use on campaign. Hence, being an officer in the Foot Guards was reserved for the more affluent in society.

The First Foot Guards at St James’s Palace in London.

The Foot Guards played a decisive role in the Peninsular War. They disembarked in the Peninsula in October 1808. However,  the British troops under Sir John Moore were defeated at the Battle of Corunna and were forced to retreat in terribly harsh winter conditions. 

 

Battle of  Corunna, 1808

The First Foot Guards did not return to Spain until 1810. The French forces under Marshall Soult had marched south and captured the city of Seville. The Spanish court fled to Cadiz which was besieged by the French for two long years. In 1811 Sir Thomas Graham sailed from Cadiz to Tarifa before marching across the mountains to attack the French from the rear. The two forces clashed on Tuesday March 5^th 1811 on the hill of Barrosa. 2600 allied forces fought against 4000 French. The allied troops forced their way up the hill until they finally regained control. The battle lasted an hour and a half. The First Foot Guards lost 10 officers and 210 soldiers. John Scrope Colquitt was badly injured.

Battle of Barrosa

In 1812 the Duke of Wellington began his advance in Spain. Badajoz fell to Wellington on April 6^th 1812 and the French suffered a crushing defeat at the Battle of Salamanca (Los Arapiles) on 22^nd July 1812. In August Soult lifted the siege of Cadiz and the First Foot Guards under Colonel Skerret sailed to Huelva and then began a march to Seville. The allied troops arrived in Seville on August 27^th 1812 and when the French tried to destroy the boat bridge the allied forces gallantly fought to prevent them. John Downie, a dear friend of Lt Col John Scrope Colquitt heroically battled to save the bridge and was taken prisoner by the French troops. The French troops eventually fled the city and the local people acclaimed the allied troops. John Scrope Colquitt’s  company was sent to Alcalá de Guadaíra, a nearby town which supplied bread to the city. However, John Scrope Colquitt was too ill to accompany them as he had fever caused by the extreme heat and the fatigue of the long journey. He died in Seville on  Friday 4^th September 1812. His company was grief stricken and decided to bury him according to Anglican rites and with full military honours on Saturday 5^th September 1812.  He was buried at the site which to this very day is called “La Cruz del Inglés” (The English Cross).

Alcalá de Guadaíra

The Battle of Seville by William Heath

A portrait of John Downie

A few days later Sir James Fellowes, chief medical officer of the British troops, visited “Alcalá of the Bakers” and was deeply saddened when he visited the tomb of his dear friend and university colleague John Scrope Colquitt.

J.S. Colquitt’s tombstone

John Scrope Colquitt  died at the age of 37. He left a widow and two small children, Georgina who was 12 and Ernest who was two. His wife, Jane Anne was widowed for the second time. Her first husband was Captain Horsfall from Ireland and they had a son Henry Horsfall Lewen who had property in Kilmain, County Mayo and in Dunmore, County Galway. John Scrope Colquitt left her his bookplate, collection of books and paintings as well as all his property.

Copy of the will of John Scrope Colquitt

John Scrope Colquitt’s son, Ernest Augustus was tragically blinded at the age of seventeen in a hunting accident on Saturday 6^th January1827: The incident occurred at Lutwyche Hall, Shropshire, home of Ralph Benson who was a relative of Jane Anne Colquitt, when a rifle exploded in Ernest’s face, seriously disfiguring him. Ernest never married and lived with his mother until her death. He then lived in lodgings until his death in 1881.

John Scrope Colquitt’s daughter Georgina never married either but she was always very close to all her family. She moved to Cheltenham where her uncle Samuel Colquitt lived with his second wife Frances Rachel Wigget from Bath who he had married in 1843 at the age of 66. Georgina lived with John Scrope Colquitt’s widowed sister Bridget at 3, Suffolk Place, Cheltenham, together with their five servants. Bridget and Georgina often visited their cousin Goodwin Colquitt. Goodwin’s father, Captain Goodwin Colquitt, had also been in the First Guards together with his cousin John Scrope Colquitt and had become a hero at the Battle of Waterloo when he caught a live shell, stood up and threw it over the heads of officers and men as if it were a cricket ball.

A Will’s cigarette card depicting Captain Colquitt’s bravery at Waterloo       

Goodwin Colquitt junior married the heiress Georgina Craven, daughter of the racehorse owner and breeder Fulwar Craven, in 1841.

A portrait of Fulwar Craven at the National Gallery in London

They lived at Brockhampton Park near Cheltenham.

Goodwin Colquitt-Craven was a highly respected gentleman and he became High Sheriff of the County of Gloucester in 1864. In 1870 he wrote a book titled “Nothing to Do” about Sir Geoffry Goldenstore who was so rich and bored that he didn’t know what to do with his time and money so he travelled round Europe in search of pleasure.

John Scrope Colquitt’s daughter Georgina was a devout Anglican and a staunch Conservative, following family tradition. She died in 1879 at the age of 81 and is buried together with her Aunt Bridget at St Peter’s in Leckhampton.

St Peter’s Leckhampton.

In her will, she left her estate of ten thousand pounds to her dearest brother Ernest. She left her dear collection of shells to her friend Mary Farington of Preston, Lancashire and even left instructions as to how to pack them. She never lost contact with her Uncle Samuel’s family and left them the chiming dining room clock to remind them of those special evenings they had spent together in her uncle’s company, as well as a brooch with a lock of her uncle’s hair. She left any rights she had to property in Ireland to her cousin Frederick Lewen. She left all her family portraits to her cousin Goodwin Colquitt-Craven at Brockhampton Park and to his daughter, her dearest cousin Leila Louisa, she left one thousand pounds.

Leila Louisa married Reverend Coventry of Severn Stoke, Worcestershire and we know that Georgina visited them and their children at the Rectory.

Home of the Coventry Family

Leila Louisa and Reverend Coventry had four children Blanche, Sybil, Winifred and Fulwar. I have been in contact with several of their grandchildren, namely William Wallace, Robin Wallace, James Collett-White, Anne Hyde Smith and Stephen Thompson, although they were unable to help me in my quest.

This is the story of John Scrope Colquitt and of the Colquitt family so far. There is obviously still a lot of missing information but there is one fundamental piece which is still to be found, a portrait of John Scrope Colquitt. The family portraits were left by Georgina Colquitt to her cousin Goodwin Colquitt-Craven at Brockhampton Park. Brockhampton Park was sold in 1899 and this is where we seem to lose all trace of John Scrope Colquitt.  We would really like to find a portrait of him. Any help would be greatly appreciated as well as any additional information about the family or the First Foot Guards.

Portrait of an unknown military gentleman, early 19^th century

JOHN SCROPE COLQUITT: ORÍGENES GENEALÓGICOS

El historiador Ernest Axon en su libro Begone Lancashire le dedica todo un capítulo a la genealogía de los Colquitt de Liverpool. Apunta que los antepasados más lejanos de la familia provenían del condado de Cornualles, en el extremo suroeste de Inglaterra, concretamente de una parroquia rural llamada Saint Sampson, en el municipio de Golant. Parece ser que los orígenes familiares de los Colquitt no debieron de ser muy ilustres. En 1620 hay constancia de que un miembro de la familia fue declarado por los heraldos

reales (funcionarios capacitados para certificar la condición noble) como “no caballero”. Probablemente fue a instancias de alguna solicitud formulada con elfin de obtener lo que en España era conocido en aquella época como “Ejecutoria de Hidalguía”. Obsérvese que a los Colquitt o Colquitte (en su forma más arcaica) no se les declaraba villanos o plebeyos, sino “no caballeros”, con lo cual no se les cerraban del todo las puertas a un posible ascenso social. Aún así, los heraldos reales dejaban expresamente claro que no existía posibilidad

de adoptar escudo de armas ni asumir el estilo y privilegios de la nobleza.

En 1699 se establece en Liverpool el tatarabuelo de nuestro protagonista, John Colquitt I, desempeñando el cargo de inspector de aduanas.

El iniciador de la saga familiar provenía de Kingston upon Hull, en cuyo puerto su progenitor también fue funcionario de la aduana. Estamos en el periodo de la restauración monárquica posterior a la Revolución de Oliver Cromwell, y parece ser que en Hull la familia tuvo ciertos problemas motivados por su significación política a favor de la causa parlamentaria. Ya en Liverpool John Colquitt I consiguió cierta fortuna gracias a su beneficioso cargo, aunque en buena parte debido también a algunos fraudes relacionados con el contrabando que incluso llegaron a provocar su destitución. No obstante, los hijos y nietos del viejo John Colquitt siguieron desempeñando el oficio de inspector de aduanas y lograron hacerse un hueco entre las familias más distinguidas y prósperas de Liverpool. Uno de sus nietos, John Colquitt III, compaginó su cargo de funcionario con el de promotor inmobiliario, invirtiendo parte de su fortuna en urbanizar la calle que hasta nuestros días sigue denominándose en su honor Colquitt Street.

También hubo hombres de leyes en la familia que, apartándose de la actividad de inspección y recaudación de impuestos prefirieron dedicarse a la política municipal. Este fue el caso del padre de nuestro inglés, John Colquitt IV (1746-1807), abogado, miembro del Common Council (Cabildo Municipal), Town clerk (principal y más antiguo oficial del ayuntamiento) y Bayliff de Liverpool (Bailío, una especie de corregidor).

RETRATO DE SCROPE COLQUITT, ABUELO PATERNO Y ALGUACIL DEL AYUNTAMIENTO DE LIVERPOOL

INVITACIÓN AL ACTO DE ANIVERSARIO DE LA CONSTITUCIÓN DE LA PEPA

 El Consorcio de Cádiz ha invitado a nuestra asociación a unos actos el día del aniversario de la Constitución de 1812 "La Pepa"...., todo un honor que creemos que tenemos que compartir con todos nuestros amigos.
Muchas gracias.